Surgical castration is the physical removal of testes (orchidectomy), whereas chemical castration is the blocking of testosterone production through a hormonal implant. 

Reasons for castration are individual dog-dependent. These include; reducing unwanted litters, limiting straying, treating excessive and unacceptable sexual behaviour towards and finally for medical reasons such as testicular tumours, prostatic disease and peri-anal tumours. 

After surgical castration dogs can remain fertile for up to six weeks after the operation. Similarly it can take 4-6 weeks after chemical castration for testosterone levels to drop. 

For the best time to consider castration please speak directly to your vet.